Selena Zhang [00:00:54] Hi, everybody, welcome. My name is Selena Zhang and I’m the senior director of Strategic Initiatives and Partnerships here at the Canadian Urban Institute. And I’d like to welcome you all to today’s City Talk Session on Indigenous Practitioner Perspectives on City Building CUI is so pleased to be partnering on this event with our colleagues at the Canadian Institute of Planners, the Canadian Society of Landscape Architects, Engineers, Canada, the National Trust for Canada, the Royal Architectural Institute of Canada, the Urban Development Institute and the Urban Land Institute. We have such a great group of partners on this and I just want to extend such a warm thank you to all of them for all of our continuous work on putting this together. Today I’m calling in from Toronto, which is the traditional territory of many nations, including the Mississaugas of the Credit, the Annishnabec,, the Chippewa, the Haudenasaunee and the Wendat peoples. Toronto is covered by Treaty 13, signed with the Mississaugas of the Credit and the Williams Treaty, signed with multiple Annishnabec, nations. Thank you to everyone for being here. We had an overwhelming amount of interest in this session with over a thousand people registering from across the country. Many of you are here already. I know others are going to trickle in as the minutes go on. Thank you for choosing to spend some of your time on this national indigenous people’s day with us. I can only speak for myself as a first generation settler and one of many settler run organizations in this country. In a country that is shaped by colonialism and a country with a history of broken treaties and a country whose cities have been built by city builders who’ve created physical and social legacies of exclusion in many different ways across landscapes of our communities. I know I have a lot to learn. I know my organization has a lot to learn. And I remind myself every day about reconciliation as a daily practice, as something that needs to extend beyond a single moment of reckoning into ongoing conversation and practice. And I know that’s why so many of you are here with us today as well. And to really listen to this great group of people engage around questions about what that looks like and hear about Indigenous practitioners, about their perspectives on our disciplines. And so it’s going to be a great hour of listening and learning and reflecting. Just some housekeeping. Before we get started, feel free to pop into the chat and let us know where it is that you’re calling from. Switch your toggle to all panelists and attendees so that everybody can see your remarks now and throughout the session. And if you know whose land you’re on, feel free to make a land acknowledgment of your own. Today’s session has lot of closed captioning, which is automatically turned on at the bottom of your screen if you wish to turn it off. There’s a toggle at the bottom of your screen that allows you to do that. The session is also being recorded. So if you need to jump off early or, you know, somebody who really wanted to be here or who should have been here and want to send this this event to after the fact, you’ll be able to see this at our website at CityTalkCanada.ca. Now, that’s enough for me. Let me pass it on to who you are here to see. So I’m so, so pleased that the session is being moderated by our friend in Edmonton, Hunter cardinal. Hunter is a person extraordinaire. He’s an actor. He’s an Indigenous Mith architect. He’s the co-founder and director of story at Naheyawin. And he was also recognized as Edmonton’s best actor and was also in Edmonton’s top 40 under 40. So he’s a he’s a man of many skills, many talents, many stories. So, Hunter, over to you.

Hunter Cardinal [00:04:47] Amazing. Thank you so much for that very kind introduction. I’m really honored to be here. Thank you all so much for having me and making space for us to share some some time with you all this morning. Just a quick little background about me. I’m calling in from Edmonton on treaty 6 territory, as well as a Metis nation of Alberta’s region 4. But my family on my dad’s side, we’re Sergei Winlock, which means woodland creature from the Sucker Creek Cree First Nation Up and Treaty 8 represent. And also on my mum’s side, we are Polish and French Jews by way of New York. So, I’m really fortunate to have those histories and tasty foods with me in my life. So, what I thought we would do to kind of begin in a good way is I thought that I would invite you all to partake in a digital smudge. So, this isn’t mandatory. So, for those who who want to perhaps take a little stretch or set yourself in whatever way is comfortable for you, feel free to go and do that. What I’ll do is I’ll explain a little bit about what smudging is, how to do it, and then I’ll lead us in a brief prayer. Now, before you go any further, this is just what I’ve been taught, there’s so many different ways to smudge, but essentially why we so much I’ve been taught that we smudge to cleanse ourselves, to seal out that negativity and seal in the positivity in our lives. I’ve also been told that we smudge to intention to remind ourselves of what we’re here to do, why we’re doing it, and also what are the values that we wish to have kind of guiding us and what we’re doing. I’ve also been told once again that we smudge to call in our ancestors, those on the other side, to come sit with us and the creator as well to help guide the work that we’re doing. So, it’s done from a good from a good place, from that same place of who we are at our best. So, how much that’s going to differ. There are so many different ways to smudge. It’s going to differ by family culture as well as environment. So, some use certain medicines. Some ask you to take off your jewelery. Some asked you to stand as well. What I’ve been taught is that sincerity is the highest form of prayer. So if you’re coming to this from a good place with really good intentions, you’re good to go. It doesn’t matter really what it looks like As well, I’ve also been told that your jewelry and your glasses, that they’re part of who you are so you can feel free to keep them on while you’re smudging. I’ve also been told that you should use what you have around you to connect in your own way. And that’s particularly important as we’re gathering online instead instead of in person. And the elder that we work with very often, Francis Whiskey Jack directed us for how to do this virtually. So, I’m really honored to be sharing that with you all. And yeah. So, what it’s going to look like and I’m getting a bit excited, is I’m going to be burning this sage right here, as you can see. And what you’re going to see is in a moment, there’s going to be some smoke coming up. Now, that smoke is that symbolic cleansing that we want to use. And it’s also our connection to the creator and to all things. And it’s also been said that our thoughts and our prayers go up with that smoke to the creator, and that’s how they’re able to hear us. So, what we’re going to be doing is we’re going to be taking that digital smudge, that smoke, and we’re going to bring that clarity to different parts of ourselves that need it. So, what I’ve been taught is I like to typically take off my glasses and kind of give them a nice smudge. And then what I do is I bring that clarity to my eyes so I can see good things, my ears, so I can hear good words and good thoughts, my mouth, so I can speak good words and good thoughts, because it’s a very powerful medicine, our words and what we say. I also bring it to my heart to remind myself to be open to everyone around me. Sometimes if I’m feeling it, I’ll put it over my legs, make sure that I’m on the right path in life. And then especially lately, I’ve been bringing it over myself to kind of finish really asking for that mental health and wellbeing. So, what I’ll do is I will show you all once again when it’s lit well, and then I will then hold it up to the camera for you all to pretend as if I’m right across from you. You can kind of take that smudge and just kind of go and do whatever feels right to you. There’s no wrong way to do this, as I’ve been taught. So if you feel like, you know, I don’t remember all the different things that Hunter just said, don’t worry about it. If you’re coming at it from that sincere place, you’re good to go. So I will light this. I’m using a lighter today. Sometimes I use matches. Some folks say use one or the other. I’ve been told that it doesn’t matter. So that’s what I’m doing. So. Great.  And that’s how I do it now, I’m going to hold it up to the camera so everyone at home can smudge. And we’ll just take a moment and you do what feels right. Wonderful. I thank you, everyone, for taking part in that for those that joined us right now. I’ll just close this off by saying a brief prayer just to intention set. And I encourage everyone to pray in their own way. Whatever’s comfortable for you, you don’t have to participate. So if you need to stretch, get some water, put a cat, go ahead and do that. I want to call in our ancestors, all of our ancestors, those on the other side, to come sit with us today as we listen and learn and share in a good way with our hearts and our minds open as we dream of a better future. I also want to call in that spirit and intent of our original treaties as indigenous and non-indigenous people and that spirit of peace, friendship and understanding. That’s to guide our actions together, always reminding us to make room for each other and continue growing in a good way as we continue down this river of life and as we’re walking towards being and becoming better people together, Hiy Hiy amazing. All right, I’m so excited to begin our time together. So, without further ado, I’d like to invite all of our panelists to turn on the cameras unmute yourselves so you can meet this wonderful audience that we have here today so you can all take the time to. Yeah, there we go. Amazing. OK, this is so great. I’m going to ask you all to take turns, introducing yourself, sharing a little bit about who you are, who you’re from as well. How does your work contribute to city building? So I will start with because I have the power of moderation. So I’m going to begin with Eladia. Would you like to introduce yourself? And then after Eladia, I will go to Danilo.

Eladia Smoke [00:13:00] Bonjour, *speaks in own language* I’m Lady of Smoke, principal architects with smoke architecture, really thrilled to be working with a team at my firm that’s mostly consisted, all consisting of women and mostly consisting of Indigenous women. And we feel exciting times ahead as we sort of see so many new projects inviting perspectives that have been so sublimated in Canadian culture, those identities that have been built up over millennia of inhabitation of territory. So I’m joining you today from Swakomok, which is Sudbury, and it’s in the Robinson Huron treaty area. And, I happen to be here today because I’m helping out a friend. And, but normally I’m in Hamilton, Ontario, which is also Annishnabec, territory, but also close to Haudenasaunee and and here on Wendat down there. So that’s where I’m normally at. So good morning and well, afternoon now and hello to everyone. Happy to be here.

Hunter Cardinal [00:14:14] Amazing. Thank you. Danilo, we’ll go over to you next. And then after Danilo, we’ll go to Naomi.

Danilo Caron [00:14:24] Drew up to discuss what was in total collapse in Cuba, second, Mark Annishnabec, First Nations, Inuit and Metis Chigwedere Vancouver Nimmy, which Wendell Gennie known gold mump give a giant. Hello, I’m Danilo. I’m from the Martin Clan and I’m originally from Kamloops, B.C. I’m a member of the second Mark Annishnabec, first nation and I currently live in Vancouver and I’m very, very pleased to be here today, calling from the muscarinic, traditional, ancestral and unceded territory and a little bit about the work I do. I’m very fortunate to kind of to have a wear a couple of different hats. One is with the UBC Applied Sciences Faculty supporting our Indigenous engineering students. I’m a recent grad from that program. I’m currently doing a master’s in civil engineering and as a new engineer, engineering and training. I’m very fortunate that I’ve been asked and brought on board to lend my Indigenous perspective to the work that we’re doing on a specific project. So I’m fortunate that I can combine some of my passions in my culture with the work I do.

Hunter Cardinal [00:15:42] Fantastic. Thank you so much, Naomi, I’ll toss it over to you and then we’ll go to Lorna.

Naomi Ratte [00:15:50] Thank you so much. I’m so excited to be here today. My name is Naomi Ratte. I am calling from Treaty One here in the homeland of Metis Nation, and I wear a few different hats. So for one of my hats, I’m currently a master of landscape architecture student at the University of Manitoba. And my practicum here, my practicum is focused on the title story is called Lost Nature is visualizing Annishnabec, Foodways from St. Peter’s Teguest. I’m working with my community on understanding connections to the land through the lens of food and food security. It’s been an exciting and complicated journey that I’m still on, so we’ll see where it leads me. But I’m grateful for all the lessons that I’ve learned so far. I’m also the co-founder of the Indigenous Design and Planning Students Association. We recently launched a book called Voices of the Land, which is something that we’re really proud of. And we’ve been given a lot of space and a lot of the design communities to discuss the work that we’ve done. So I’m hopeful to speak about that later on today. And I’m also a member of the CSLA Reconciliation Advisory Committee. And for my work, I am a technical researcher and landscape architecture intern with NVision insight group, which is a Indigenous consulting firm with offices in Ottawa and Iqaluit.

Hunter Cardinal [00:17:20] Amazing. Thank you so much, Naomi will go over to Lorna and then to wrap it up, will go to Tony.

Lorna Crowshoe [00:17:28] Economics cannot deny it bad. Well, good morning, I’m Lauren Crowshoe. I am a member of the Blackfoot Confederacy of Southern Alberta, and I’m very happy to be here. I wanted to start out by just acknowledging Hunter and Hunter, thank you so much for the prayer and the blessing this morning and for also acknowledging our ancestors, because it’s really important that we understand as indigenous Canadians, but also non-indigenous Canadians, the meaning of ancestral lands. And sometimes we forget that indigenous people still have a strong relationship with our ancestors, especially when we are we are on the land. So in working with our traditional knowledge keepers, that’s the first thing that I learned was we honor our ancestors. And so it’s important when we go out and work with whomever, developers, planners, architects. I think it’s important for them to understand that most Canadian cities are built on ancestral lands, but we also are tradespeople and so members of the treaty communities need to understand what that means. And so I’m very conscientious of that. When we are working with Indigenous monuments, when we’re working on the landscape, when we’re working with our creation stories and also our stories about, for example, we use the term Napi in our indigenous communities in southern Alberta. And so they’re the trickster stories. And all of these stories combined really are about the ancestral land. So we cannot forget that we have that relationship. And those are one of the many relationships we have on the land. So thank you for that.

Hunter Cardinal [00:19:45] Hi, my pleasure. Thank you so much. Next, we’ll go to Tony and then we’ll dove into our discussion.

Toni Lerat [00:19:55] Good morning. My name is Tony Lerat, I’m a community planner. I’m from Cowessess First Nation, which is in treaty 4 territory in southeastern Saskatchewan. I, moved to Saskatoon to go to university like 14 years ago. And so I continue to live and work in treaty 6 territory here in Saskatoon. I have a degree in regional and urban planning. However, my work primarily focuses on supporting and working alongside indigenous communities to create strategies and plans for community development. And the work that I do often permeates between rural and urban communities, because oftentimes the communities I work with, 50 percent or more of their community live in urban centers, and so the type of community development that I get excited about isn’t just defined by the boundaries of a city or a town or a reserve community. It’s quite a bit bigger. So I’m excited. I’m excited to talk about this in the realm of like city building. But I think we often can break out of that bubble pretty easily when we talk about community and the goals that come from community.

Hunter Cardinal [00:21:16] Absolutely. OK, well, let’s let’s dove into it then. So the first question that I have for you all here, and we probably won’t have time for everyone to go. So, if anyone’s particularly interested in answering this. Feel free to go and do so. So, in no particular order. But how do you incorporate Indigenous ideas into your work? So, this can be on a really high level kind of what are the guiding values or even something very small intangible like how you approach engagements or even start your day. So I’ll open the floor to our panelists if and maybe you want to share and we can kind of kick things off.

Lorna Crowshoe [00:22:00] I’ll start. For my work at the city of Calgary, we started the discussion around matters of historical significance and matters of contemporary significance. And I think it’s a way to open up discussions with non-indigenous people in a way that this is what it was for our ancestors on the land prior to treaties. And I think the matters of contemporary significance is how things have changed over time that we can start having those discussions around really contemporary matters. And there’s a big difference between the two. So matters of historical significance, again, just taking into consideration that we work with traditional knowledge keepers, that they have a relationship to the land. So, prior to development, they go through these ceremonies on the land and the ceremonies are very meaningful because they’re apologizing to Mother Earth before any development occurs. Matters of contemporary significance are things like how do we honor that Indigenous monument that was really important to the sustenance of being in this area prior to contact. So, I think when we begin to establish those kinds of activities, then we begin to understand that there are protocols that we work with, with indigenous knowledge keepers, but there also are protocols that we work with on the land. So we have relationships, very close relationships with the land as an entity, as a living source. So I think those things are really important for us as we move towards sort of things like within the realm of reconciliation. So I just wanted to add that peace. Thank you.

Hunter Cardinal [00:24:09] Absolutely no. That’s wonderful. Anyone else you want to share how they go about approaching that Indigenous perspective or ideas into the work that they’re doing?

Toni Lerat [00:24:22] I can share a quick little bit about the work that I do often, I feel really grateful. I get to go right into community again, rural and urban, and have discussions directly with citizens of nations about what is currently affecting them and how they hope to see their community develop and the impacts and outcomes that they would like to see for themselves and their families. And I get the amazing task to work with them, to amplify those those aspirations and create a road map. So oftentimes my work is really specific to each nation, which I feel super grateful that every time I have a discussion with any community, feel super grateful that I get to be a part of that dialog and amplify those calls.

Hunter Cardinal [00:25:12] Totally, totally. That’s wonderful. And I’m curious if you can as our I think our first question I’m really interested in, what are some of the important things that you keep in mind when you’re engaging with those communities? And what do you hope typically that other organizations focus on when engaging communities in that similar work? I think that it’s really important. I’m curious to know how you go about navigating those conversations.

Toni Lerat [00:25:42] Yeah, I love click bait, and I wish it was like a buzz feed, like top ten things to like no I couldn’t, I couldn’t like create enough time to create that great article, but I did narrow it down to a few. I think like the the first pieces being curious but humble, like taking the time to learn both nationally and really locally about historic and current context that communities are dealing with. Like Lorna had mentioned, those are different, but like integrated things. And I feel so lucky to be alive right now with social media and so many great Indigenous artists and knowledge keepers who are like graciously developing a bunch of material. So taking the time to really, like, get to know space and like what communities are dealing with is really important. And I also think it’s important to understand where you’re coming from in that as well. Right? What is your what is your history when you’re working with those communities? The other thing I really like I just I just learned this term a few months ago. I was working with a chief in southern Saskatchewan. And oftentimes there’s like the build capacity and community, which is good. But he’s like, listen, that’s assuming we don’t have capacity in our communities. What we need to do is strengthen that capacity. That capacity is there. We need to amplify it. We need to lift it up. And we need is a two way learning. So where we’re teaching something, but we also have the ability to learn from community as well. And in a really specific way, that means like hiring local businesses, creating positions on your projects that are paid to have somebody job shadow. Do that so much and so well that you’re working yourself out of work. I work I work in a consulting space. And I often think if I’m not doing my job good enough, I got to be able to think about how this work goes on without me there. So, working yourself out of work is really important and strengthening local capacity is also really important. And the the final one that I really want to highlight is being practical with outcomes driven. Like oftentimes I kind of get poutie as a fighter, like I don’t want my clients to just sit on a shelf. Are the community trying to sit on a shelf and collect dust if the most practical thing is a one page really high level thing to make that right? And that’s the most attainable thing for the community, making sure that its outcomes focus. I really, truly believe our communities know what they need. They just they need some help mapping that out. Right. And so making sure that its outcomes focus and authentic to the community. You’re not coming in with all the answers. You’re actually there to help share some tools. And if those tools don’t have the courage to kind of bust them apart and create something new, it’s kind of like a fun place where we get to work and we’re not trying to replicate the way it’s been done. We’re trying to create something new. So having some courage to do that, those are those are the top three things.

Hunter Cardinal [00:28:56] That’s amazing. I wanted to expand on the first point, Tonii, and I have a question for you this often. That is for those folks who want to be engaging with indigenous communities and are in that preparation Phase four before they start engaging in and they’re doing the research and stuff like that. Do you have any advice or guidance for when they’ve done enough research or what is enough is there anything that makes you feel like within your work? Like, OK, I feel confident enough to engage in a good way after going through the process of learning who I am engaging with.

Tonii Lerat [00:29:34] I don’t know if this is the right answer, but this is the first thing that comes to mind for me is often relationship building, like literally like having a conversation and multiple conversations with people we want to be engaging with early and often, and throughout. That answer kind of starts to come out in itself. Like you can’t isolate yourself, you’ll drive yourself crazy. I think if you just sit there and worry about all the what ifs. But in the end, like we’re human beings who are trying to build relationships with one another. And I think if we approach it in that way and I loved your point at the beginning around sincerity, like if we’re sincere and honest and humble about that, I think those answers start.

Hunter Cardinal [00:30:16] So awesome, thank you so much, Tonii. Lorna, you’ve led some pretty incredible policy development in Calgary, for example, the city of Calgary, Indigenous policy and Indigenous policy framework. So, you know, from your experience in providing leadership on basically the White Goose Flying report, which is for those of you who may not be familiar, basically the city of Calgary’s path towards reconciliation, what is your advice to municipalities that want to take meaningful steps and actions towards righting relations with indigenous peoples and even building off of what ability to incite lasting change? Do policymakers have which excites you personally in this respect?

Lorna Crowshoe [00:31:06] Well, I think education goes a long way. If we cannot help support, and that’s part of the capacity capacity building as well. If we cannot support our institutions to learn and educate, then we’re sort of that’s part of the barrier. We can’t go forward because if we want to go forward, we have to be sort of on the same plane going forward. And I think education goes a long way. Sometimes we work with institutions and not just any institution. I think if you can’t if you don’t know that we can’t move forward in sort of building this this, I guess, policy together, we can’t move forward on building TRC together. So I think education goes a long way. And I think we have many, many educators in the Indigenous community who could come and help and assist us. So it’s not lack of people not having the knowledge and the educational background to come and help our institutions. It’s also a responsibility for institutions to say we need that support, we need that help. How can we how can we play a role in this? And the big thing like on the weekend, of course, is UNDRIP and UNDRIP speaks very loudly to, I guess, planning. Right. Because there’s a role for planning and UNDRIP and we need to go a step further and begin to learn about UNDRIP and the work that we have to do in terms of Aboriginal and treaty rights and how it relates to the land again and how it how those relationships are built through UNDRIP. So there’s some big pieces coming up through the TRC I think we need to start paying attention to, but we need non-Indigenous Canadians to be our supporters, to be our allies and moving forward on these on these subjects and to really understand, for example, things like our protocols. And so we’re all in this together. We’ve heard enough about we are all treating people well. We are all Canadians. And I think we we need the support of all Canadians. And moving forward with some of whether it’s policy, whether it’s UNDRIP, whether, you know, whatever it is, we need that support. Thank you.

Hunter Cardinal [00:33:54] Absolutely, that’s what I’m hearing is like really being aware of those foundational documents.

Tonii Lerat [00:34:00] Absolutely.

Lorna Crowshoe [00:34:01] Yeah, if you count them in like residential school has been on our radar screen. And we have to understand, I’ve been in my community, especially on the weekend and talking to folks in my community. We have these spring ceremonies that we attend and everybody right now and in my community and in the black community, everybody is is feeling traumatized right now. And so, when people are feeling traumatized, they feel somewhat hopeless. So we have to allow that hope to come back and be part of our reality and be on our radar screen because Indigenous people want to move forward in some way. But for whatever reason, sometimes we get we get held back. So, we have to be hopeful that we can continue to move forward on any of these subjects, whether it’s TRC or Indigenous policymaking, whether it’s contemporary or historical. We need to find a way to move forward. And I think education is going to help lead us in that direction.

Hunter Cardinal [00:35:09] I also thank you so much learning Eladia in your work. You intersect with some pretty exciting things land, structural problems, structural problem solving, and, you know, both indigenous and non-indigenous ways of knowing and being. So I’m really curious in what ways that you’ve found, both in and non-indigenous knowledge is how they exist and also can work together. Because for me, my journey of uplifting and always on is exclusive and never really saw them as potentially being complementary, but both equally valid ways of looking at the world.

Eladia Smoke [00:35:55] I asked one of our I guess I guess we should probably call her an elder now because she’s a retired architect, the very first first nation’s heritage architect or Indigenous heritage architect ever to have practiced and been licensed in Canada. Her name is Harriet Burdette Moulton. There are very few of us. We need more. So if anybody on the you know, in the attendee list has a young person, especially if she’s a woman who’s considering career choices, I would very much advocate for architecture and building industry in general because we need more. So it’s wonderful to meet Tonii, for instance, because I love to see our young people coming up in the profession and wonderful to see Naomi working in landscape. We’re desperate for more landscape architects with that Indigenous perspective. So welcome. We have to stay in touch. So, these are exciting times when our people are actually starting to be represented in the space making and place keeping professions. So Harriet Moulton said to me that the most important thing about Indigenous architecture and the benefits to be gained by integrating Indigenous perspectives and build space is wellness. So, when you unpack that, I think it has to do with the fact that Canada and Canadians at large have been struggling along. Even Indigenous peoples have been struggling along without our ancestral teachings. Those teachings are based in a connection, a deep connection to land. And we’ve been trying our best to make beautiful places without the benefit of millennia of knowledge that have been carefully, carefully built up and carried, so dedicated and carefully by our knowledge carriers through incredible hardship. The death camps that we call residential schools that stole our children and traumatized entire generations for one hundred and fifty years and only just closed within the last 30 or 40. You know, those places stole so much from us and not just indigenous peoples. They stole from Canadians in general. Because my view is, if you were born in these territories, this is part of your identity. This is part of your birthright. You have a right to know what Indigenous peoples have to share. What we’ve seen is when we integrate Indigenous perspectives into spaces, we have a great richness of understanding that comes forward and creates places that allow for diversity, that allow for accessibility, that allow us to adhere to our protocols, that reconnect us to the life systems that support us, reconnect with each other. That concept of indinawe maaganidog, all our relations is so powerful. And that disconnect that we feel in many built spaces comes from a complete sublimation of foundational belief systems that originated in our territories. So the way to get that back is to talk with and listen to Indigenous peoples and implement what they tell you. And that’s what I think we could all benefit from. The spaces we create will become regenerative, they’ll become enjoyable, and they’ll have that identity that Canada keeps searching for, that core identity that is us, because the types of teachings that we hear from our elders and knowledge carriers, all of the clients I’ve worked with are true. They ring true because they come from a place of understanding and connection to land, and that is something we all share. So, I can’t wait to see more of that. We’ve been collaborating with architects to achieve this, and I really hope that our young people who are coming up into the profession continue this really good work because we need more of us doing it. We only have I think like I can count on one hand the women Indigenous practitioners in my profession of architecture. They’re very there, not enough of us.

Hunter Cardinal [00:40:35] That’s so exciting. And I think one thing that’s really important is when you’re engaging Indigenous in perspectives and ways of knowing being into projects like what you work on, it’s really important the timing of when you seek and implement that feedback. So you know what? Joining a project, do you engage indigenous peoples? I think that that may be a question that I’m curious to hear your thoughts on.

Eladia Smoke [00:41:03] Right at the beginning, when you’re imagining what this project might be, potentially even before funding is confirmed, municipalities need to connect with Indigenous peoples and create and strengthen those reciprocal relationships. So that decision making is shared in India in major undertakings that are occurring in our territories, which is all of Canada. So UNDRIP that I was so excited when I heard that it’s been legislated, it’s been backed up with legislation. So Canada adopted it some time ago, but it was not backed by legislation. Now it is. So that means that every project requires free, prior and informed consent for decisions affecting our ancestral territory. So that really is every project. And I hope to see incredible benefits to everyone, mainstream Canada, new Canadians, indigenous peoples as we rediscover these dynamics in our own projects. Every single project, I think, needs this richness of understanding. And it’s so easy to do because you just talk to indigenous people listening to what they say and then you implement. It’s like you following up, you know.

Hunter Cardinal [00:42:28] That’s amazing. Thank you so much, Eladia. Naomi. I’m really curious from your perspective, the student and the work that you’re doing there, what have you been learning about city building with regards to reconciliation, writing relationships with Indigenous peoples? I understand, as you mentioned earlier, that you released a book called Voices of the Land, as well as recently you launched 12 calls to action like your school can undertake to progress the conversation of reconciliation within a learning institution.

Naomi Ratte [00:43:02] Yeah. So I guess personally, for me, with learning about city building, I’ve taken my time as a graduate student and to really learn more specifically about how how we connect with land in a good way. I think the way that I that I learned about landscape architecture was really from a European perspective. If I’m being if I’m being perfectly candid, which is not necessarily a bad thing, but I always felt that we were Indigenizing housing spaces rather than building them from an Indigenous perspective. And so I really struggled when I was really thinking about a career in landscape architecture because I was confused on where I fit within that. And I think a lot of what Eladia said I was also saying to you about representation, I didn’t see a lot of Indigenous architects. I knew Dave Thomas and Shaynne Thomas, his daughter. Those are the only two Indigenous architects that I knew, but I didn’t know any Indigenous landscape architects. Fortunately for me, now I’m more connected and I know of some amazing people. But I agree with Eladia. We need a lot more and I’m excited to keep building that capacity. But yeah. So in terms of my education, it’s really I’ve been exploring how do we connect with land in a good way. And so with my practicum journey, I’m a little bit of I’ll give you a tiny history about my community. So Peguis was originally at the mouth of the Red River. We were known as St Peter’s Reserve, and our reserves illegally surrendered to make room for Scottish settlers. And so then we were relocated to our present day Peguis. And Peguis was actually one of, or St Peter’s was actually one of the first agricultural communities. And so, when I knew this history my whole life growing up, my dad always told me, but I didn’t really understand how connected we were to the land. And so there is this huge disruption within our community, which is what really drove me to study it. And I am a practicum. And again, there’s some really great people in this profession that are doing some inspiring work. And so I see the positives. The city building talks and rewriting of how we city build from an Indigenous perspective happening all the time. So voices of the land. So, this was a publication that I released through the Indigenous Design and Planning Student Association in February of this year of 2021. And so it’s a collection. We’d like to describe it as a collection of stories. And so it has 16 Indigenous students who are currently enrolled in the faculty of architecture, which was a huge surprise in itself. When we had started the student association, we didn’t know how many indigenous students we had. And so to see 16 was so heartwarming and all of us gathered once a month. We shared if we had and it was just a great sharing time we would share if we were frustrated with something, we would talk about our projects. And then we talk about exciting initiatives that we wanted to do at our school. And so Voices of the Land again, it was a publication, had 16 students and we interviewed practitioner, so there’s four interviews at the end of the book that talk about just different perspectives and design, and Eladia was one of the fantastic practitioners that we that we were able to interview. And so the title of Voices of the land was actually inspired by this quote that we found in the executive summary of the TRC report. And so I’ll read it quickly. But it says, “I’m so filled with belief and hope because when I hear your voices at the table, I hear and know that the responsibilities of our ancestors are carried and are still being carried. Even through all of the struggles and even through all of what has been disrupted. We can still hear the voices of the land.” And so that was by an Annishnabec, elder Mary Delaray. And all four of the editors. We read that quote and I presented to them and I just really sat with us and we really felt that it just fit with the vision that we had. And carrying on has been disrupted and creating space for our voices to be heard. And then the 12 calls to action that you mentioned. So we’ve actually just released these calls to action this morning at 10:00 a.m. Winnipeg time. So they’re pretty fresh. So I’m grateful to be speaking about them. So myself and Reanna Merasty, who is a Woodland’s Cree architecture, she recently just graduated with her, actually with her architecture degree. So congratulations to her if she’s on this call. We were on a previous call before, so I don’t know if she was able to join, but she’s basically just finished her master’s of architecture degree. And so her and I, we’re finishing our our degrees soon and moving on to the work world. We really wanted to leave something behind at our school. Our school at the University of Manitoba has been has embraced us and our initiatives really well. They’ve responded and they’ve just supported us in any way that we’ve that we’ve asked. And so, again, we wanted to just release calls to action to leave behind so that we would be able just I guess maybe to describe the pathos. I think it’s a famous Senator, Mary Sinclair, describing a person it’s up to you to climb the mountain. So the 12 calls to action are noted in six different parts, which are summarized as recruitment, representation, advocacy. Pseudonymity and I’ll post a link in here to the official press release of the Calls to Action Report, but essentially this was just something that we put behind and we just said, OK, this is maybe what you can do to collaborate with and recognize indigenous students in their perspectives, but also reaching out to the community, bringing in new students. And, yeah, I’m excited to see how it has been received so far. We’ve had a lot of support just for this, and that’s kind of been my role in school and really training as an emerging designer. And I think Lorna was saying this earlier. But, you know, any land that we practice on in Canada or anywhere in North America is Indigenous lens. And so how we train designers to think about the land, I think is just equally as important. And something that is emerging and I think is emerging. Well, I think it’s there’s some really great people involved in these conversations, and I’m just happy to have a small part in that.

Hunter Cardinal [00:49:36] Oh, my gosh, that’s so wonderful. Thank you so much, Naomi. So we’re kind of towards the latter end of our time together. So I’m going over to Danilo, you know, from my conversations with knowledge keepers, elders and so on, you know, when speaking about their hopes for their descendants and future relations. I’ve always known it since. They’re very hesitant to be prescriptive, like we should do this, you should do this, you should invest in Bitcoin and so on. So they instead really converge upon. The idea is that they hope those in the future will be able to essentially live a more Indigenous way, a more Indigenous life, and then provide the means for the next generation to do the same. So I’m really interested from your work as an Indigenous student engagement coordinator for UBC’s engineering services, you know, in what ways do you hope students are able to be more Indigenous while engaging with the world of engineering? And that could be on a high level or something? You know, really small intangible, like it could be like demonetizing their means of living. So they’re not really focused on that. They can focus on other things. But yeah, I’m curious your thoughts on that.

Danilo Caron [00:51:00] Yeah, know I can feel I can speak from my experience as a recent engineering undergrad student and also from the Indigenous students that I’ve that I’ve met so I can approach this from from an Indigenous student perspective because of there isn’t a lot of space or any space within the engineering culture. And I know that this is going to relate somewhat to planning and architecture as well. But there isn’t much space for like Indigenous culture and identity within engineering. Engineering students are Indigenous engineering students are really underrepresented. And at UBC, we try to to support our existing students by creating a sense of culture so that they can bring that part of their identity with them. But it’s been very hard last year and a half, as everyone can attest. We also try to tweak our admissions to recognize certain challenges that that some Indigenous students have. The other component, which is harder and less within our control, is attracting Indigenous students to engineering. And this would be the same for planning and architecture as well, is how do we how do we inspire prospective students to come to us? And at UBC, we have we have an outreach program that reaches over two thousand Indigenous youth every year. But that’s not going to close the gap itself. So, we have this challenge. And if I could just park that for a second, I’ll connect it to urban design and city building because they’re related. The example I use is like how we’re adapting to climate change, you know planners, architects and engineers. We’re all mitigating and adapting to changing weather and rising sea levels. And, you know, this is demanding multidisciplinary teams to reimagine our spaces. Ways of knowing is in engineering curriculum is well underway at many universities. And one thing that I found is that there’s this desire or a need to to create a mapping from one concept in Western knowledge to the opposite in Indigenous knowledge. And I think that misses the point. So the example I’ll use is the notion of like the relationship to land. This has been mentioned today multiple times and. And the sense that. Without creating a pan Indigenous stereotype, this is always this is usually held central and an engineering education, there’s really no space or the consideration of our relationship to the land. Rather, it’s assumed that we’ll have total control and dominance over the landscape. And, you know, as we reimagine our coastlines, for example, you know, we would do well to consider what kind of relationship we’re fostering and including Indigenous principles that will change the kind of questions we ask, you know, and and obviously that will and that’ll change the approaches that we take. Fostering our relationship has a responsibility to all past and future creation is, and one that that. That is based on reciprocity, as opposed to viewing the land as something that you that you build on and build over is something that isn’t contrary, it is contrary to our approaches that we take from my opinion, starting with the relationship to the land that the local indigenous communities have. And then, approaching problems with humility. You know , this is this is an approach that I think this is this is where Indigenous acknowledges and worldviews can compliment Western knowledge. It’s a return to the original question about how can professional practice enable our students to be more Indigenous speaking about our Indigenous students having to traditionally leave their culture at the door. If it’s in professional practice, we include the wisdom and culture of Indigenous communities. The spaces are going to reflect those values and prospective students are going to see themselves reflected in the landscape around them, the urban design, the cities. And that’ll inspire them to be part of this obvious point. Like we need more women architects. Well, maybe it’s not we’re not drawing our people to these professions because they don’t see themselves within it. So, I think that if we can incorporate principles of Indigenous knowledge into our cities, students will naturally be drawn to these because they’ll see some of the values of their community in the professions. And they’ll know that they don’t have to check their identities at the door.

Hunter Cardinal [00:56:11] I, thank you so much. And it’s like so powerful and absolutely wonderful and, you know, as we close our time together, I just want to kind of make this space open. We have a couple of moments and then I’ll do a quick closing prayer. But would anyone like to share any final thoughts, anything that you hope the folks listening, you know, carry with them? We don’t have to hear from everyone. So if you’re like I said, my piece, we’re good to go. Yeah, yeah,

Lorna Crowshoe [00:56:44] well, I just wanted to say thank you as you close here for allowing us to voice who we are as Indigenous people and what we feel in terms of our Indigenous perspectives. And I hope we can continue to bring our Indigenous perspectives to the table because they’re really important perspectives, especially at this sort of hour at this time and place that we’re in as we discuss things like Ondrej Truth and reconciliation. And I hope folks will understand that we are speaking our truth as we come to the table, but we need somebody listening to those truths as well. So, thank you for that. And always, again, open to to learning what I learned from our traditional knowledge keepers. And we hope to share that information with others. So, thank you for that.

Hunter Cardinal [00:57:43] Awesome. Hiy hiy. Amazing. Well, on that note, I’ll say a few words just to wrap this up in a good way. Wrap this up. Yeah, OK, so I want to give thanks for for everyone from across the country from joining in and spending time with us this morning. I also want to give a special thanks to our ancestors, those family members, those loved ones that came and joined us and sat with us today and the creator and made such a safe, exciting and warm place for us to share our thoughts and our hearts with each other and to come together in that spirit of peace and friendship and understanding that’s at the heart of our relationships as indigenous and non-indigenous peoples. So I want to give thanks to that. And, I also want to to send our relatives and those on the other side home and thank them once again for spending time with us. Hiy hiy. Kinanaskomitin. Amazing. OK, everyone, thank you so much. Please have a wonderful day. Happy National Indigenous Peoples Day and I hope to see you again soon.Hiy hiy.

00:27:17 Canadian Urban Institute: Welcome! Folks, please change your chat settings to “all panelists and attendees” so everyone can see your comments.

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00:28:21 Sana(Zohreh) Karami: Hello from Iran
00:28:22 Leandro Santos: Greetings from Mississauga, ON
00:28:26 Tatjana Trebic: Toronto
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00:28:30 Christine Bachinsky: Treaty 4 / Regina, SK
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00:28:33 Mikaila Montgomery: Good morning from Squamish and Lil’wat Territory (Whistler)
00:28:34 Kiersten Vuorimaki: Unceded Algonquin Territory- Ottawa
00:29:08 Kris Nichols: Victoria, BC
00:29:10 Alexandru Taranu: Toronto
00:29:25 Nikolas Marsall-Moritz: Calgary, AB
00:29:28 Robert Plitt: Robert Plitt _ Mohkinstis – Calgary
00:29:30 Emily Herd: Treaty 6, Edmonton
00:29:40 Paul Mackey: Bonjour de la Ville de Québec
00:29:41 Melissa Stewart: Hello! I’m joining from unceded Musqueam / Squamish /Tsleil-Waututh territories (Vancouver).
00:29:46 Richard Milgrom: Treaty 1 / Winnipeg
00:29:46 Jamilla Mohamud: Tkaronto
00:29:48 Jonathan Lea: Hello from Mohkinstis on Treaty 7 land.
00:29:51 Steve Wirzba: Calgary, AB
00:29:51 Leanne Muir: Treaty 1 in Winnipeg
00:29:51 Michael Phair: Michael Phair from Edmonton
00:29:55 Carolina Jauregui: California, LA County, Tongva
00:29:56 Cindie LeBlanc: Greetings from Edmonton – Treaty 6 territory, as well as the home of members of the Métis Nation of Alberta (Zone 4 and Zone 2), Inuit, and non-status Indigenous peoples sharing this land.
00:29:56 Sarah Rankin: Good morning from Mohkinstsis, Treaty 7 territory
00:29:58 Dennis Jacobs: Ottawa
00:30:00 Lisa Landrum: Hello from Treaty 1 territory, original lands of Anishinaabeg, Cree, Oji-Cree, Dakota, and Dene peoples, and homeland of the Métis Nation (Winnipeg).
00:30:00 Elizabeth Cushing: Halifax – Mi’kma’ki
00:30:01 Baldwin Hum: Traditional and unceded territory of the Coast Salish peoples – Greater Vancouver
00:30:02 Abigail Slater (she/her): Tkaranto
00:30:02 Chun Chu: Toronto, covered by Treaty 13 and Williams Treaties
00:30:07 Annie Martin: Musqueam / Squamish /Tsleil-Waututh territories
00:30:09 Brian Eng: Treaty 13, Toronto
00:30:14 Ken Venner: Treaty 7, Calgary
00:30:15 Tegan Smith: Traditional territory of Squamish and Tseil-Waututh, North Vancouver, BC
00:30:16 Zoe Mager: Hello from Nogojiwanong (Peterborough) in Michi Saagiig Territory
00:30:19 LoriAnn Girvan: LoriAnn Girvan – bonjour de Gatineau, traditional unceded territory of the Algonquin-Anishnaabeg peoples
00:30:19 Candace Safonovs: hello from Toronto/ Tkaronto
00:30:21 Benjamin SMITH: Seattle, Washington, USA (Coast Salish land)
00:30:25 Amarpreet Guliani: Hello from Regina – Treaty 4 Territory and homeland of the Métis.
00:30:30 Jessica Garcia Fritz: Oceti Sakowin lands
00:30:32 Lorne Cappe: Toronto/Tkaronto
00:30:35 Dan Burton: Calgary
00:30:38 Therese Zulinick: Tk’emlups te Secwepemc
00:30:38 Canadian Urban Institute: Hunter is an actor and Indigenous myth-architect. He is Co-Founder and Director of Story at Naheyawin, an agency based in Edmonton, Alberta, that serves as a bridge between Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples. In 2018, he was recognized by his community as Edmonton’s Best Actor and awarded a place in Edmonton’s esteemed Top 40 Under 40 class of 2018.
00:30:39 Bryce Henney: Detroit (Odawa)
00:30:43 Alyssa Magas: Grande Prairie, AB
00:30:44 Patrick Blaeser: Hi,joining from the stolen, traditional, ancestral and unceded territory of the xwməθkwəy̓əm (Musqueam), Skwxwú7mesh (Squamish) and Səl̓ílwətaʔ/Selilwitulh (Tsleil- Waututh) people.
00:30:58 Shawna Lewkowitz: Hello from territories of the Anishinabek, Haudenosaunee, Lenaapeewak, and Attawandaron people, also known as London, ON
00:31:01 Keisha St. Louis-McBurnie: Toronto/Tkaronto, as well
00:31:04 Sam Horton: Hello from Toronto/Haudenosaunee Nation
00:31:16 Mehedi Khan: Mehedi – Treaty 13, Tkaronto/Toronto
00:31:33 Danielle Lenarcic Biss: Hello all from Tkaronto (Toronto)!
00:31:36 Nathan Edelson: Hello from Vancouver, BC
00:31:41 brian Pincott: Hello from the traditional territory of the Treaty 1 Nations & the Homeland of the Métis. (Winnipeg)
00:31:46 Cameron Watts: Huron, Wendat, Anishnaabe, Haudenosaunee, Mississauga of the New Credit
00:31:48 Shaun Smakal: Morning, from the unneeded territories of the Musqueam / Squamish /Tsleil-Waututh people
00:32:07 Haven Rees: Hello from Treaty 6 Territory and Homeland of the Métis (Saskatoon)
00:32:26 Richard Campbell: Hi from the unceded and traditional territory of the xʷməθkʷəy̓əm (Musqueam), Sḵwx̱wú7mesh Úxwumixw (Squamish Nation) and Tsleil Waututh Coast Salish peoples.
00:32:34 Canadian Urban Institute: Welcome new joiners! Just a reminder to please change your chat settings to “all panelists and attendees” so everyone can see your comments.
00:32:50 Waverley Birch: Hello from Canmore, Treaty 7 territory of the Stoney Nakoda (Bearspaw, Chiniki, and Wesley), Blackfoot Confederacy (Kainai, Piikani, and Siksika), and Tsuut’ina Nations
00:33:16 Rutendo Madzima: Hello from the unceded ancestral lands of the Lheidli T’enneh
00:33:40 Janice Barry: Hello from Haldimand Tract / Kitchener-Waterloo, Ontario
00:34:12 Rowan Pratt: Hi from K’jipuktuk (so-called Halifax, NS)
00:34:35 Colleen O’Toole: Ahnee/Bozhoo!
00:35:21 Abigail Slater (she/her): Beautifuy
00:35:24 Annabel Vaughan: Joining in from Burnaby located on the ancestral and unceded homelands of the hən̓q̓əmin̓əm̓ and the Sḵwx̱wú7mesh speaking peoples
00:35:28 Abigail Slater (she/her): Beautiful!!
00:35:30 Matthew Barrigar: Treaty 3 Between the Lakes, Hamilton ON
00:35:34 Phil Rinn: Courtenay, BC on Vancouver Island (unceded traditional territory of the K’omoks First Nation)
00:37:42 Deirdre Pike: Joining from the land colonized as Hamilton, Ontario, traditionally Anishanabek, Haudenosaunee, and long-standing relationships w Mississaugas of the Credit, Six Nations of the Grand.
00:38:25 Deirdre Pike: Thank you so much for that powerful smudge and prayer, Hunter.
00:38:33 Therese Zulinick: thank you Hunter!
00:38:34 Danielle Lenarcic Biss: I really enjoyed and appreciated the digital smudging. Thank you, Hunter!
00:38:39 Fraser McLeod: What a beautiful and welcoming start!
00:38:43 David Godin: Thank you, Hunter.
00:38:45 Baldwin Hum: Thanks so much Hunter
00:38:48 Sana(Zohreh) Karami: Thanks Hunter
00:38:54 Mary W Rowe: joining from Syracuse NY, the ancestral territory of the Oneida, and home to the Onandaga First Nation.
00:39:06 Waverley Birch: Thank you Hunter!
00:39:25 Canadian Urban Institute: Eladia Smoke | KaaSheGaaBaaWeak, Principal Architect, Smoke Architecture, Master Lecturer at Laurentian University’s McEwen School of Architecture. Based in Hamilton, ON, Ms Smoke is Anishinaabekwe from Lac Seul First Nation | Obishikokaang, with family roots in Alderville First Nation, Winnipeg, and Toronto.
00:40:02 Deana Grinnell: Hello, thank you for the opening. I appreciate the opportunity to join from Vancouver, the unceded territory of the Coast Salish Peoples, including the territories of the xʷməθkwəy̓əm (Musqueam), Skwxwú7mesh (Squamish), and Səl̓ílwətaʔ/Selilwitulh (Tsleil-Waututh) Nations.
00:40:38 Canadian Urban Institute: Danilo Caron, EIT, and Indigenous Student Engagement Coordinator at UBC Engineering Student Services. Based in Vancouver, BC, Mr. Caron’s roots are from Sagamok Anishnawbek First Nation.
00:42:03 Canadian Urban Institute: Naomi Ratte, Landscape Architecture student, University of Manitoba, and co-editor of Voices of the Land: Indigenous Design and Planning from the Prairies. Based in Winnipeg, MB, Ms. Ratte is a member of Peguis First Nation.
00:43:55 Canadian Urban Institute: Lorna Crowshoe, Aboriginal Issues Strategist with the City of Calgary. Board member for the National Trust for Canada. Based in Calgary, AB, Ms. Crowshoe is from Piikani First Nation.
00:46:26 Canadian Urban Institute: Tonii Lerat, Community Planner with Urban Systems, and a Board Member, Canadian Institute of Planners. Based in Saskatoon, SK, Ms Lerat is Nehiyaw from Cowessess First Nation.
00:52:04 Rasika Acharya: Good Morning all, from Tsawwassen First Nation enjoying the various perspectives and work that the various panelists are sharing! thank you for the opening prayer
00:55:19 Ifeanyi Ossai: Thank you everyone. Nice being here to share knowledge. Great panelists.
00:59:59 Ken Venner: Maybe a good idea to defined ‘UNDRIP”?
01:01:12 Naomi Ratte: UNDRIP = United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples
01:01:26 Selena Zhang: The UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/declaration-on-the-rights-of-indigenous-peoples.html
01:02:02 Sandra Miller: Thank you Naomi & Selena
01:03:55 Selena Zhang: https://www.canadianarchitect.com/keyword/harriet-burdett-moulton/
01:06:21 Sandra Miller: https://metisarchitect.com/2017/03/06/conversations-harriet-burdett-moulton/
01:10:26 Matthew Barrigar: Chi miigwech, Eladia, for your words on settlers having the truths of Traditional knowledge as a birthright. Your words allowed me to see the difference between acknowledging and embracing Traditional truth versus cultural appropriation.
01:14:01 Kristina Seo: Voices of the Land https://umanitoba.ca/architecture/sites/architecture/files/2021-02/21-02-17-voices-of-the-land_final-for-digital-view.pdf
01:14:41 Naomi Ratte: https://news.umanitoba.ca/idpsa-calls-to-action/
01:15:26 Alixa Lacerna: Also on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/p/CQYv5aCg9DA/
01:22:26 Baldwin Hum: Thanks Danilo for that framing of the continuity of our design endeavours in our world. I’ve always found the segregation of our disciplines somewhat arbitrary and problematic, and thinking of it as a continuum seems to be more useful. We were taught (at UBC) to always consider the context of our projects – it seems that radically expanding that context would be useful going forwards.
01:22:26 Canadian Urban Institute: Today’s session is co-Hosted by the Canadian Urban Institute, Canadian Institute of Planners, Canadian Society of Landscape Architects, Engineers Canada, National Trust for Canada, The Royal Architectural Institute of Canada, Urban Development Institute and Urban Land Institute.

Keep the conversation going #CityTalk @canurb

You can find transcripts and recordings of today’s and all our sessions at https://www.canurb.org/citytalk
01:22:45 Abigail Slater (she/her): A fantastic panel and moderator. So much learning. Chi Miigwech.
01:23:06 Laurel Davies Snyder: Thank you for a meaningful session.
01:23:26 Autumn Garnham: Thank you for the amazing and meaningful panel!
01:23:38 Gian Marco Visconti: Thank you all for sharing your ideas and knowledge!
01:23:41 Baldwin Hum: Thanks to the panelists for speaking this morning, and to Hunter for moderating today as well!
01:23:51 Sandra Miller: Thank you to everyone for sharing your experience and knowledge – wonderful!
01:23:53 Meredith Plant: Really appreciate hearing and experiencing indigenous perspectives. Thank you to all!
01:23:57 Jeny Mathews-Thusoo: Thank you for a great session!!
01:24:08 Susan Speigel: aPPRECIATE ALL YOUR INS
01:24:10 Desiree Geib: Thank you everyone for sharing your knowledge and perspective!
01:24:20 Banani Afsana: It’s really an amazing session….thanks again
01:24:24 Vanessa Jukes Strutt: Wonderful session! Thank you everyone for sharing. I’m grateful to have been here today.
01:24:26 Sarah Foulkes: Thank you very much! This was excellent
01:24:26 Alina Chatterjee: Thank you for a great session! Very important directions forward
01:24:36 Susan Speigel: appreciate all your insights
01:24:48 Chun Chu: Thank you to Hunter and the Panelists
01:24:48 Kerry Girvan: Thank you to all of you for a great session!
01:24:50 Lauren Armeneau: Feeling inspired – thank you!
01:24:54 Sam Horton: Thank you to all of the panelists and to Hunter for being a fantastic moderator. Such an inspiring panel.
01:24:56 Kris Nichols: Thank you for all your perspectives so very important to hear.
01:24:56 Dena Farsad: Thank you to all panelists. Really informative discussion
01:24:57 Rebecca Paton: Thank you!
01:25:00 Heather Wheeliker: Thank you for sharing; appreciate this!
01:25:01 mark guslits: Thanks to you all. This has been extremely enlightening and informative. Very much appreciated
01:25:01 Deana Grinnell: Thank you, a great session on National Indigenous Peoples Day.
01:25:01 Elizabeth MacLeod: Thank you all!
01:25:02 Roberta Sager: Thanks so much! Appreciate the insight of the ancestral significance, enabling a space for indigenous students to see their values in built form, and the opportunities for all Canadians to learn and celebrate the richness in our shared culture?
01:25:02 Brian Eng: Thank you everyone!
01:25:02 Fraser McLeod: Thank you!!
01:25:03 Tanya LaBelle: Thank you so much.
01:25:03 Brian Rowland: Thank You All
01:25:03 Karen Beiles: Very informative and inspirational session. What a wonderful group if speakers.
01:25:04 Ken Venner: Thank you for this discussion!
01:25:04 Don Bell: so pleased to hear the panelists share their experiences and pperspectives,
01:25:05 kristina driedger: Thank you !!
01:25:06 Jenna Dutton: Thank you!
01:25:06 Colleen O’Toole: Chi Miigwetch!
01:25:06 Amarpreet Guliani: Thank you all for a wonderful session!